Logistics Glossary

A legal document issued by a carrier to acknowledge receipt of cargo. It acts as a contract of carriage, a receipt, and a document of title.

The process of passing goods through customs to be cleared for import or export, involving submission of documents and payment of duties.

Charges levied by the port or shipping line when cargo is not collected within the free storage period. Avoiding demurrage is critical for cost control.

A shipping term where one shipper exclusively uses an entire container for their cargo, offering more security and faster transit.

A shipping method where cargo from multiple shippers is consolidated into a single container, ideal for smaller shipments.

A mandatory document in Nigeria issued by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) required before goods can be imported. It covers the financial aspect of imports.

A company that organizes shipments for individuals or corporations, arranging transportation, customs clearance, warehousing, and documentation.

A Nigeria Customs assessment document issued before cargo arrives, used to determine applicable duties and taxes.

International Commercial Terms — a series of pre-defined trade terms that clarify the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade (e.g., FOB, CIF, EXW).

An Incoterm meaning the seller delivers goods when loaded onto the vessel at the named port, after which the buyer assumes all risks and costs.

An Incoterm where the seller pays for shipping and insurance until the goods reach the destination port.

A detailed list of cargo, passengers, and crew of a ship, plane, or truck, used for customs and port authorities.

The port where goods are unloaded from a vessel — typically Lagos (Apapa or Tin Can Island) for Nigerian imports.

The total time taken for goods to travel from origin to destination, excluding customs clearance and inland delivery.

The storage of goods in a facility before they are distributed. PIRYA offers secure warehousing in Lagos for short and long-term needs.

A form required for all exports from Nigeria, used to track foreign exchange proceeds from export transactions.

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control — regulates food, drugs, and related products imported or exported from Nigeria.

The body responsible for enforcing product standards in Nigeria. Many imported goods require SON certification.

The act of transferring cargo from one vessel to another at an intermediate port on its way to the final destination.

The period allowed by the port or carrier to collect or deliver cargo without incurring additional charges.